4.3 Article Proceedings Paper

Employment as HIV Prevention: An Employment Support Intervention for Adolescent Men Who Have Sex With Men and Adolescent Transgender Women of Color

Journal

Publisher

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003020

Keywords

adolescents; men who have sex with men; transgender women; HIV prevention; employment; economic instability

Funding

  1. National Institute on Disability & Rehabilitation Research [H133G110108]
  2. Third Coast Center for AIDS Research (TCCFAR) [P30AI117943]
  3. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  4. National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  5. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  6. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  7. Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) [U24 HD089880]

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This study adapted and pilot-tested an employment support and primary HIV intervention tailored to the needs of adolescent men who have sex with men and adolescent transgender women of color. The results showed that the intervention was feasible and acceptable, improving adolescent employment outcomes and reducing HIV risk associated with transactional sex work.
Background: The purpose of this study was to adapt and pilot-test an employment support, primary HIV intervention tailored to the needs of adolescent men who have sex with men and adolescent transgender women of color. Setting: The intervention was implemented in 2 settings: controlled environment (Phase 1) and real-world community-based (Phase 2) setting in Chicago, IL. Methods: Eighty-seven adolescent men who have sex with men and adolescent transgender women of color ages 16-24 participated in Work2Prevent, a 4-session employment and HIV prevention intervention, designed to increase job-readiness and reduce HIV risk. Intervention sessions consisted of group activities: educational games, roleplaying/modeling behavior, and self-regulation exercises. Participants were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 8-month (Phase 1) or 3-month follow-up (Phase 2). Results: Participants evaluated Work2Prevent as feasible and acceptable, rating intervention quality, usefulness, and satisfaction highly. Overall, 59.6% (Phase 1) and 85.0% (Phase 2) participants attended 2 or more sessions. At 8 months, Phase 1 participants reported a mean increase of 11.4 hours worked per week. Phase 2 participants reported a mean increase of 5.2 hours worked per week and an increase in job-seeking self-efficacy. Phase 2 participants also reported a decrease in transactional sex work. Conclusion: Work2Prevent is one of the first structural primary HIV interventions to specifically focus on adolescent employment readiness. Findings suggest Work2Prevent is feasible and acceptable, improved adolescent employment outcomes, and reduced HIV risk associated with transactional sex work. Our study underscores the need for alternative pathways, such as addressing socioeconomic determinants, to prevent adolescent HIV infection.

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