Development and evaluation of PLA based hybrid block copolymeric nanoparticles for systemic delivery of pirarubicin as an anti-cancer agent

Pirarubicin (PIRA) is a semi-synthetic anthracycline derivative that is reported to have lesser toxicity and better clinical outcomes as compared to its parental form doxorubicin (DOX). However, long term use of PIRA causes bone marrow suppression and severe cardiotoxicity to the recipients. Herein, we have developed a biodegradable polymeric nano platform consisting of amphiphilic di-block copolymer methoxy polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid and a hydrophobic penta-block copolymer polylactic acid-pluronic L-61-polylactic acid as a hybrid system to prepare PIRA (& DOX) encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs) with an aim to reduce its off targeted toxicity and enhance therapeutic efficacy for cancer therapy. Prepared PIRA/DOX NPs showed uniform particle size distribution, high encapsulation efficiency and sustained drug release profile. Cytotoxicity evaluation of PIRA NPs against TNBC cells and mammospheres showed its superior anti-cancer activity over DOX NPs. Anti-cancer efficacy of PIRA/DOX NPs was found significantly enhanced in presence of penta-block copolymer which confirmed chemo-sensitising ability of pluronic L-61. Most importantly, encapsulation of PIRA/DOX in the NPs reduced their off targeted toxicity and increased the maximum tolerated dose in BALB/c mice. Moreover, treatment of EAC tumor harbouring mice with PIRA NPs resulted in higher tumor regression as compared with the groups treated with free PIRA, free DOX or DOX NPs. Altogether, the results conclude that prepared PIRA NPs exhibits an excellent anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy and has a strong potential for cancer therapy.

Automated summary

A biodegradable polymeric nano platform for PIRA drug delivery was developed to reduce off-target toxicity and enhance therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment. The PIRA nanoparticles demonstrated superior anti-cancer activity compared to traditional drugs, with increased tumor regression in mice.