Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 64, Issue 39, Pages 7385-7393Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01523
Keywords
biogenic amines; semidry Chinese rice wine; industrial fermentation; principal component analysis; Lactobacillus; decarboxylation
Funding
- Key research and development program of Jiangsu Province [BE 2016331]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31301540]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
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Inspired by concerns about food safety, the metabolic landscape of biogenic amines (BAs) was elucidated during industrial semidry Chinese rice wine fermentation. The main fermentation process represented the largest contribution to BA formation, which corresponded to 69.1% (54.3 mg/L). Principal component analysis revealed that total acid and ethanol were strongly correlated with BAs, indicating that BA formation favored acidic and stressful conditions. Other than putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM), 5 BAs exhibited strong relationships with the precursor amino acids (R-2 > 0.85). PUT was mainly decarboxylated from arginine (89.6%) whereas SPD (100%) and SPM (83.1%) were obtained from ornithine. Interestingly, some SPD could convert back to PUT (24.3%). All 8 BAs showed good relationships with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (R-2 around 0.75). Moreover, among the five main LAB genera, Lactobacillus had a positive correlation with BA formation.
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