Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 64, Issue 35, Pages 6676-6684Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02563
Keywords
proanthocyanidin; Lolium perenne; Festuca arundinacea; forage grasses; perennial ryegrass; tall fescue; procyanidins; propelargonidins; afzelechin; oligomers; condensed tannins; electrospray mass spectrometry; LC-MS/MS
Funding
- Grasslanz Technologies Ltd., NZ
- AgResearch Core Funding
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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) are forage species of the grass family (Poaceae) that are key components of temperate pasture-based agricultural systems. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are oligomeric flavonoids that, when provided as part of a farm animal's diet, have been reported to improve animal production and health. Up to now, forage grasses have been deemed not to produce PAs. This paper reports for the first time the detection of polymerized PAs in aqueous methanolic extracts of seed tissue of both perennial ryegrass and tall fescue, using LC-MS/MS. We have determined the structure of the PAs to be trans-flavan-3-ol-based, consisting predominately of afzelechin and catechin and linked primarily by B-type bonds. Investigations into the leaf tissue of both species failed to detect any PAs. This discovery opens the possibility of using genetic engineering tools to achieve tannin accumulation in leaf tissue of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue.
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