Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
Volume 213, Issue -, Pages 546-554Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.174
Keywords
Galactoarabinan; Molecular weight; Proinflammatory response; NF-?B; MAPKs
Funding
- Tarbiat Modares University [IG-39807]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2018R1A6A1A03023584]
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This study investigated the chemical structure and activation capacity of polysaccharides from Pimpinella anisum on immune cells. The polysaccharides induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity through the NF-kappa B and MAPKs signaling pathways.
Polysaccharides from Pimpinella anisum were isolated using water at elevated temperature and DEAE Sepharose FF chromatography to examine their chemical structure and activation capacity on immune cells. P. anisum fractions (PAF1, PAF2 and PAF3) were mainly composed of neutral sugars (84.0-98.2%) and uronic acids (2.1-11.8%) with weight average molecular weight (Mw) ranging from 186.6 to 5474.5 x 103 g/mol. Polysaccharides induced a significant inflammatory response in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells releasing nitric oxide and expressing TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines. The induction of NK-92 natural killer cells resulted in TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production and activation of GrB/perforin-, NKG2D- and FasL-mediated cytotoxicity. Polysaccharides triggered the phosphorylation of NF-kappa B, ERK, JNK and p38 proteins in RAW264.7 and NK-92 cells indicating the involvement of NF-kappa B and MAPKs signaling pathways. The most active polysaccharide was a galactoarabinan with complex structure.
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