Role of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 in the development of recurrent depressive disorder

Background: MMPs play a role in modulating inflammation and their impact in many inflammatory diseases has been investigated. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the relationship between selected polymorphisms for MMP-2 (C-735T), MMP-7 (A-181G), MMP-9 (T-1702A, C1562T) and TIMP-2 (G-418C) and depression, as well as between the importance of distribution of genotypes and alleles for the examined polymorphisms and the risk of depression occurrence. Methods: The examined population comprised 203 individuals suffering from depression and 99 individuals who formed a control group. Designations were carried out for MMP-2 (C-735T), MMP-7 (A-181G), MMP-9 (T-1702A, C1562T) and TIMP-2 (G-418C). The distribution of haplotypes of the MMP-9T-1702A and MMP-9 C1562T was specified for MMP-9 (T-1702A, C1562T). Results: In rDD group and in the control group the presence of the T-1702A polymorphism for MMP-9 increases the risk of rDD development for the T/T genotype and T allele (OR=2.191). The A/A genotype (OR=0.120) and A allele (OR=0.442) reduce the risk of disease occurrence in the examined polymorphisms for MMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9. The C/C genotype and C allele of the C1562T MMP-9 polymorphism increase the risk of middle-age depression, while the T allele makes this risk smaller. The incidence of rDD was greater for the C/T C-735T/MMP-2/genotype and G/G A -181G /MMP-7/genotype. A similarly high risk of incidence was confirmed for the C/T - T/T genotypes of the MMP-2C-735T and MMP-9T-1702A polymorphisms. A higher risk of incidence (OR=9.376) was confirmed in the case of a set of T/T-G/C genotypes of the MMP-9T-1702A and TIMP-2G-418C polymorphisms. For the gene-gene interactions presented above, a statistically significant difference was found between the examined group and the control group. Limitations: A small group of examined patients and the need for conducting the study in other populations in order to determine the impact of the stratification factor. Conclusions: 1. The evaluated polymorphisms in MMP genes have significant importance for the development of depression; they also have an impact on depression onset. 2. Further studies focused on changes of MMPs in the development of rDD are required. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.