4.8 Article

Comprehensive Broken Damper Bar Fault Detection of Synchronous Generators

Journal

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
Volume 69, Issue 4, Pages 4215-4224

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2021.3071678

Keywords

Shock absorbers; Bars; Circuit faults; Rotors; Windings; Synchronous generators; Stator windings; Broken damper bar (BDB); condition monitoring; discrete wavelet transform; fault detection; salient pole synchronous generator (SPSG); stray magnetic field; wavelet entropy

Funding

  1. Norwegian Research Centre for Hydropower Technology (HydroCen) - Research Council of Norway [257588]

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The reliable operation of synchronous generators in hydroelectric power plants is crucial for cost avoidance. The damper winding of salient pole synchronous generators (SPSGs) is an important component for maintaining dynamic stability and protecting the rotor. Current methods for detecting broken damper bar (BDB) faults rely on visual inspection or offline tests. This article proposes a novel method using a noninvasive sensor that can identify BDB faults during transient or steady-state operation.
Reliable operation of synchronous generators in hydroelectric power plants is crucial for avoiding unplanned stoppages that can incur substantial costs. The damper winding of salient pole synchronous generators (SPSGs) contributes to machine operation only during transient periods; however, it is a critical component that preserves the dynamic stability and protects the rotor in case of a fault. Consequently, detection of a broken damper bar (BDB) fault is vital for safe operation. Current methods for the BDB detection depend on visual inspection or offline tests. However, most of the recently proposed approaches have used invasive sensors that can detect BDB faults only during transient operation. In this article, a novel method is proposed based on a noninvasive sensor with high sensitivity to BDB faults that can identify a BDB fault either during transient operation or in the steady-state (SS) period. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by finite-element modeling and by experimental results from a 100-kVA custom-made SPSG. The proposed method is confirmed to provide a reliable and sensitive diagnosis of BDB faults during transient or SS operation, even in noisy environments.

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