Journal
HYDROBIOLOGIA
Volume 849, Issue 9, Pages 2127-2144Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10750-022-04854-4
Keywords
Winter limnology; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton; Phenology; Spring bloom
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Geological Survey [G16AP00087]
- University of Vermont Biology Department
- Morse Fund
- UVM Roberto Fabri Fialho Research Award
- Vermont Space Grant Consortium under NASA Cooperative Agreement [NNX15AP86H]
- NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship [80NSSC18K1394 P00001]
- NSF REU Award [DBI-1358838]
- NASA [NNX15AP86H, 798267] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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Springtime in temperate lakes is characterized by a phytoplankton bloom, followed by a grazing crustacean zooplankton bloom. The timing and species composition of these events may be influenced by antecedent conditions and climate change. Winter conditions have a strong impact on the succession and species composition of both phytoplankton and zooplankton.
Springtime in temperate lakes is characterized by a phytoplankton bloom, followed by a grazing crustacean zooplankton bloom. Timing and species composition for both phytoplankton and zooplankton peaks are likely dependent on antecedent conditions and may respond to climate change. Here, we tracked winter-spring plankton phenology for four years in a shallow, eutrophic lake. Winter conditions influenced successional events and species composition for both phytoplankton and zooplankton. Specifically, diatoms dominated around ice-out followed by cyanobacteria blooms in the late spring. Cyclopoid copepods were common under ice, whereas Daphnia increased with higher water temperature later in the season. Phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition responded to water temperature, ice-off, and exhibited inter-annual variation, while phytoplankton also responded to nutrient concentrations and biomass of some zooplankton groups. Zooplankton species composition also corresponded with secchi depth. Interestingly, the ice broke up and re-froze during the warmest winter studied, which allowed water column mixing and caused colder water temperatures than water temperatures under ice. In this particular study year, the spring Daphnia bloom was late relative to other years, indicating a possible mismatch between the phytoplankton and zooplankton blooms. Our study indicates that winter conditions have a strong impact on plankton phenology and community composition.
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