Journal
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
Volume 44, Issue 6, Pages 1481-1491Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/hed.27022
Keywords
early stage; oral tongue cancer; tumor budding; tumor stroma ratio; worst pattern of invasion
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Funding
- Cancer Society of Finland
- Helsinki University Central Hospital
- Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation
- Oulu University Hospital MRC
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
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This study summarizes the histopathological markers with prognostic value in early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC), highlighting their importance in pathology reports.
Although there are many histopathologic prognosticators, grading of early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is still based on morphological cell differentiation which has low prognostic value. Here we summarize the emerging histopathological markers showing powerful prognostic value, but are not included in pathology reports. Using PubMed, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Web of Science databases, a systematic literature search was preformed to identify early OTSCC studies that investigated the prognostic significance of hematoxylin-eosin-based histopathologic markers. Our meta-analysis showed that tumor budding was associated with overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.32; 95% CI 1.40-3.84; p < 0.01) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (1.89; 95% CI 1.13-3.15; p = 0.02). Worst pattern of invasion was associated with disease-free survival (DFS) (1.95; 95% CI 1.04-3.64; p = 0.04). Tumor-stroma ratio was also associated with DFS (1.75, 95% CI 1.24-2.48; p < 0.01) and DSS (1.69; 95% CI 1.19-2.42; p < 0.01). Tumor budding, worst pattern of invasion, and tumor-stroma ratio have a promising prognostic value in early OTSCC. The evaluation and reporting of these markers is cost-effective and can be incorporated in daily practice.
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