4.7 Article

Very Early Postseismic Deformation Following the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel Earthquake, Chile Revealed From Kinematic GPS

Journal

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 49, Issue 11, Pages -

Publisher

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098526

Keywords

Chile subduction zone; early postseismic deformation; satellite geodesy; afterslip; aftershocks

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [41861134009, 41974004]
  2. Hubei Luojia Laboratory [220100021]
  3. PIA ANID project [AFB180004]
  4. ANID [PCI PII-180003]

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The study investigates the surface deformation and its relationship with aftershocks after the 2015 Illapel earthquake. The results show that the postseismic deformation is mainly concentrated around the hypocenter and gradually distributed to other areas over time. The occurrence of aftershocks may be related to these surface deformations.
The very early phase of postseismic deformation spanning the first few hours is difficult to capture using daily Global Positioning System (GPS) and interferometric synthetic aperture radar. Using kinematic GPS instead, we analyzed the surface deformation that occurred during the first 3 days immediately after the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake. Particularly, the displacements at station PFRJ reached 2-3 cm during the first 2 hr, and grew to 6.1 cm after 12 hr from the origin time. We hence imaged the afterslip evolution by inverting kinematic GPS and found that the very early afterslip was mainly concentrated around the hypocenter. The early afterslip evolved to be distributed along three main slip zones along the strike, which was complementary to the coseismic slip zones in space. The location of aftershocks was highly consistent with the spatiotemporal evolution of early afterslip, suggesting that the occurrence of aftershocks may be influenced by afterslip in the very early postseismic period.

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