Valorisation of lignocellulosic biomass to value-added products: Paving the pathway towards low-carbon footprint

Biofuel is the presently needed potential energy reservoir as an alternative to wearying fossil fuel-based tech-nology. Second generation lignocellulose is considered to be the most abundant source of renewable feedstock among the biomaterials. Lignocellulose biomass (LCB) is the effective feed stock for bio-based chemicals for carbon neutrality, which paves critical prospect for significant sustainable and renewable development. This review discusses the types of biomass, characterization, and value-added products developed. Integrating the biological funnelling pathway in the bio-refinery concept and explaining the genetic modification of lignocel-lulosic biomass for enhanced yield is also discussed. The outlook on lowering the carbon footprint by discussing in detail the life cycle carbon balance, process development tools, supply chain description, and circular economy.

Automated summary

This article discusses the potential and importance of biofuels as a sustainable energy source, with a focus on the abundance of second-generation lignocellulose as a renewable feedstock. It also explores the integration of biological pathways and genetic modification techniques in bio-refinery concepts to enhance yield. Additionally, the article provides detailed discussions on the prospects of reducing carbon footprints and relevant tools.