Journal
FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 102, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103917
Keywords
Mahewu; Millet; Phenolic acid resistance; Antimicrobial resistance; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; Limosilactobacillus fermentum; Lactobacillus
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Schlumberger Foundation's Faculty for the Future Program
- Alberta Innovates Technology Futures Graduate Student Scholarship
- Canada Research Chairs program
- China Scholarship Council
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This study identified multi-drug-resistance transporters in lactobacilli isolates from a Zimbabwean fermented cereal beverage, suggesting that these transporters mediate resistance to secondary plant metabolites and antibiotics acquired through horizontal gene transfer. The results indicate that diverse lactobacilli in mahewu share MDR transporters acquired by lateral gene transfer.
Cereal-associated lactobacilli resist antimicrobial plant secondary metabolites. This study aimed to identify multi-drug-resistance (MDR) transporters in isolates from mahewu, a Zimbabwean fermented cereal beverage, and to determine whether these MDR-transporters relate to resistance against phenolic compounds and antibiotics. Comparative genomic analyses indicated that all seven mahewu isolates harbored multiple MATE and MFS MDR proteins. Strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Limosilactobacillus fermentum encoded for the same gene, termed mahewu phenolics resistance gene mprA, with more than 99% nucleotide identity, suggesting horizontal gene transfer. Strains of Lp. plantarum were more resistant than strains of Lm. fermentum to phenolic acids, other antimicrobials and antibiotics but the origins of strains were not related to resistance. The resistance of several strains exceeded EFSA thresholds for several antibiotics. Analysis of gene expression in one strain each of Lp. plantarum and Lm. fermentum revealed that at least one MDR gene in each strain was over-expressed during growth in wheat, sorghum and millet relative to growth in MRS5 broth. In addition, both strains over-expressed a phenolic acid reductase. The results suggest that diverse lactobacilli in mahewu share MDR transporters acquired by lateral gene transfer, and that these transporters mediate resistance to secondary plant metabolites and antibiotics.
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