Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 375, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131905
Keywords
Heterocyclic amines (HAs); Soy products; Domestic cooking; Dietary exposure assessment; Analysis; QuEChERS
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 1072314-B-010-064-MY2, 109-2320-B-010-025, 110-2320-B-A49A-517]
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A method using UPLC-MS/MS and a core-shell C18 column was developed to simultaneously determine 21 heterocyclic amines in 15 min. Cooking temperature and time were found to affect the HAs content in the samples, with fried foods showing higher levels. Norharman and Harman were identified as the main contributors to HAs content in all samples.
A method using UPLC-MS/MS and a core-shell C18 column was developed to simultaneously determine 21 heterocyclic amines (HAs) in 15 min. Appropriate QuEChERS conditions were also established to conveniently extract HAs from soy products cooked with various methods. These conditions presented good analytical per-formance; limit of detection, limit of quantification, recovery (%), repeatability (coefficient of variation (CV) %) and intermediate precision (CV%) were 0.008 -0.150 ng/g, 0.025 -0.500 ng/g, 62 -91%, < 28% and < 23% for tofu sample, and 0.003 -0.100 ng/g, 0.010 -0.350 ng/g, 64 -93%, < 19% and < 20% for soy milk sample, respectively. HAs contents in the samples increased with cooking temperature and time. The tofu samples cooked by frying had much higher HAs content than those cooked by boiling and roasting. Norharman and Harman mainly contributed HAs content in all samples. For the general population in Taiwan, the highest estimated level of HAs consumed from the samples is 373.67 ng/day.
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