Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 374, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131710
Keywords
Wheat; Sourdough; Breadmaking; Ancient wheats; Dietary fibre
Funding
- Dutch Government -TKI-Top Knowledge Institute [TKI1601P01]
- Biotechnology and Bio-logical Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/P016855/1]
- BBSRC [BBS/E/C/000I0250] Funding Source: UKRI
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The study found that bread wheat flour contained higher concentrations of total dietary fiber and fructans, and yeast and sourdough fermentation could reduce the concentration of fructans, with yeast having a greater effect.
Wholemeal flours from blends of bread wheat, emmer and spelt were processed into bread using yeast-based and sourdough fermentation. The bread wheat flour contained significantly higher concentrations of total dietary fibre and fructans than the spelt and emmer flours, the latter having the lowest contents. Breadmaking using sourdough and yeast systems resulted in changes in composition from flour to dough to bread including increases in organic acids and mannitol in the sourdough system and increases in amino acids and sugars (released by hydrolysis of proteins and starch, respectively) in both processing systems. The concentrations of fructans and raffinose (the major endogenous FODMAPs) were reduced by yeast and sourdough fermentation, with yeast having the greater effect. Both systems resulted in greater increases in sugars and glycerol in emmer than in bread wheat and spelt, but the significance of these differences for human health has not been established.
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