Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 373, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131547
Keywords
Coprotein; Dough; Gluten-free; Kafirin; Visco-elastic; Zein
Funding
- South African National Research Foundation [119549]
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
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The study found that waxy-HD sorghum kafirin has smaller molecular size, lower B-kafirin content, and higher surface hydrophobicity. When added to zein, kafirin can increase the elasticity of visco-elastic masses, with the ratio of 2:8 leading to improved tensile strength in model doughs.
Kafirin, sorghum prolamin, was investigated as a coprotein for zein as visco-elastic masses and in starch-based model doughs. Regular kafirin and kafirins from waxy and high protein digestibility (HD) sorghum crosses were studied. HPLC revealed that waxy-HD kafirin was of smaller molecular size and low in B-kafirin. It also had greater surface hydrophobicity. Kafirin addition to zein increased visco-elastic mass elasticity up to approximate to 50% stressrecovery, similar to wheat gluten. Waxy-HD kafirin gave the highest elasticity, possibly due to its hydrophobicity. Kafirin inclusion at 2:8 parts zein increased the tensile strength of model doughs. Maximum strength was, however, only 60% that of gluten-based dough. Kafirin from regular sorghum gave the highest strength, possibly because of greater disulphide-bonded polymerisation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that zeinkafirin copolymers formed fairly linear fibrils in stretched doughs, indicating excellent compatibility between the proteins. Future research should establish how kafirin-zein copolymer performs in non-wheat flour products.
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