Journal
FEBS JOURNAL
Volume 289, Issue 20, Pages 6435-6455Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/febs.16474
Keywords
chemobrain; chemotherapy; doxorubicin; mitochondrial dynamic modulator; mitochondrial dynamics
Categories
Funding
- National Research Council of Thailand
- Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. program [PHD/0106/2561]
- National Science and Technology Development Agency Thailand
- Chiang Mai University Excellence Center Award
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The study aimed to explore the therapeutic efficacy of mitochondrial dynamic modulators against Dox-induced chemobrain. The results demonstrated that treatment with mitochondrial dynamic modulators restored cognitive function by rebalancing mitochondrial homeostasis and attenuating oxidative and inflammatory insults.
Doxorubicin (DOX), an effective, extensively used chemotherapeutic drug, can cause cognitive deterioration in cancer patients. The associated debilitating neurological sequelae are referred to as chemobrain. Our recent work demonstrated that Dox treatment resulted in an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics, ultimately culminating in cognitive decline in rats. Therefore, in this study, we aim to explore the therapeutic efficacy of a pharmacological intervention, which modulates mitochondrial dynamics using a potent mitochondrial fission inhibitor (Mdivi-1) and mitochondrial fusion promoter (M1) against Dox-induced chemobrain. In the study, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive either normal saline solution or six doses of Dox (3 mg center dot kg(-1)) via intraperitoneal injection. Then, the Dox-treated rats were intraperitoneally given either 1% DMSO as the vehicle, Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg center dot kg(-1)), M1 (2 mg center dot kg(-1)), or a combined treatment of Mdivi-1 and M1 for 30 consecutive days. Long-term learning and memory were evaluated using the novel object location task and novel object recognition task. Following euthanasia, the rat brains were dissected to enable further molecular investigation. We demonstrated that long-term treatment with mitochondrial dynamic modulators suppressed mitochondrial fission in the hippocampus following Dox treatment, leading to an improvement in brain homeostasis. Mitochondrial dynamic modulator treatments restored cognitive function in Dox-treated rats by attenuating neuroinflammation, decreasing oxidative stress, preserving synaptic integrity, reducing potential Alzheimer's related lesions, and mitigating both apoptosis and necroptosis following Dox administration. Together, our findings suggested that mitochondrial dynamics modulators protected against Dox-induced cognitive impairment by rebalancing mitochondrial homeostasis and attenuating both oxidative and inflammatory insults.
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