Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
Volume 29, Issue 8, Pages 2481-2485Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ene.15408
Keywords
brain infarct; cerebral hemorrhage; seizures; stroke
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Funding
- Universita Politecnica delle Marche within the CRUI-CARE Agreement
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This study found that the time from stroke to epilepsy onset is significantly related to the risk of drug resistance, with the highest risk occurring within the first few months after stroke and gradually decreasing thereafter.
Background and Purpose The progressive nature of epileptogenesis raises the question of whether the latent period may already carry information about the characteristics of the subsequent epilepsy. This study aimed to explore whether the time from stroke to epilepsy onset was related to the risk of drug resistance in patients with poststroke epilepsy (PSE). Methods Patients with epilepsy secondary to cerebral infarct or spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were included. Study outcome was the occurrence of drug resistance defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used antiseizure medication schedules to achieve sustained seizure freedom. Results One hundred fifty-nine patients with PSE and a median follow-up of 5 (interquartile range [IQR] = 3-9) years were included. In the study cohort, 29 (18.2%) participants were drug resistant. The median length of the time interval between stroke and PSE onset was 13 (IQR = 7-15) months in drug-resistant patients and 19 (IQR = 14-42) months (p < 0.001) in patients with seizure control. According to multivariable regression analysis, the time from stroke to PSE was an independent predictor of drug resistance (p < 0.001). The risk of drug resistance was highest when the onset of PSE occurred within the first months from stroke and decreased progressively with a steeper decline over the first 12 months. Conclusions Substantial variability may exist in the pathways leading to PSE and distinguish patients with a variable risk of drug resistance.
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