Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 92, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103859
Keywords
Reproductive toxicity; Heavy metals; Infertility; Melatonin; Biomarkers; Chelation
Funding
- VIT SEED GRANT
- ICMR-National Task Force Project [5/7/482/2010-RBMHCH]
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Studies have shown that heavy metals and metalloids have severe adverse effects on the human reproductive system, potentially leading to infertility. Moderate to minute quantities of lead may affect several reproductive parameters and even semen quality. Ecological and industrial exposures to heavy metals and metalloids have disastrous effects on the reproductive system.
Heavy metals and metalloid exposure are among the most common factors responsible for reproductive toxicity in human beings. Several studies have indicated that numerous metals and metalloids can display severe adverse properties on the human reproductive system. Metals like lead, silver, cadmium, uranium, vanadium, and mercury and metalloids like arsenic have been known to induce reproductive toxicity. Moderate to minute quantities of lead may affect several reproductive parameters and even affect semen quality. The ecological and industrial exposures to the various heavy metals and metalloids have disastrous effects on the reproductive system ensuing in infertility. This work emphasizes the mechanism and pathophysiology of the aforementioned heavy metals and metalloids in reproductive toxicity. Additionally, this work aims to cover the classical protective mechanisms of zinc, melatonin, chelation therapy, and other trending methods to prevent heavy metal induced reproductive toxicity.
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