Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac740a
Keywords
nature-based solutions; Ganges-Brahmaputra delta; tidal river management; implementation challenges
Funding
- Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [787419]
- UK Research and Innovation [NE/S008926/1]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [787419] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
- NERC [NE/S008926/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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This article examines nature-based solutions (NbSs) as a complementary or alternative approach to managing hazards in the Ganges-Brahmaputra (GB) delta. By evaluating existing methods such as tidal river management, mangrove afforestation, and oyster reef cultivation, the study finds that these approaches can help mitigate the impacts of coastal hazards. However, there are major challenges in implementing these methods, including socioeconomic, biophysical, governance, and policy considerations.
The Ganges-Brahmaputra (GB) delta is one of the most disaster-prone areas in the world due to a combination of high population density and exposure to tropical cyclones, floods, salinity intrusion and other hazards. Due to the complexity of natural deltaic processes and human influence on these processes, structural solutions like embankments are inadequate on their own for effective hazard mitigation. This article examines nature-based solutions (NbSs) as a complementary or alternative approach to managing hazards in the GB delta. We investigate the potential of NbS as a complementary and sustainable method for mitigating the impacts of coastal disaster risks, mainly cyclones and flooding. Using the emerging framework of NbS principles, we evaluate three existing approaches: tidal river management, mangrove afforestation, and oyster reef cultivation, all of which are actively being used to help reduce the impacts of coastal hazards. We also identify major challenges (socioeconomic, biophysical, governance and policy) that need to be overcome to allow broader application of the existing approaches by incorporating the NbS principles. In addition to addressing GB delta-specific challenges, our findings provide more widely applicable insights into the challenges of implementing NbS in deltaic environments globally.
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