Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
Volume 209, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112868
Keywords
Effluents from fruit processing industry; Electro-fenton; Electrochemical oxidation; Activated persulfate oxidation; Daphnia magna
Funding
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tec-nologia, FCT [UIDB/00195/2020]
- UBI-SANTANDER TOTTA
- Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
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The study found that different advanced oxidation processes have varying effects on the treatment of fruit processing wastewater. The electrochemical oxidation process can increase the biodegradability of the wastewater, while EF and EF/PS treatments can achieve higher chemical oxygen demand removal rates. However, PS treatment requires the addition of large amounts of persulfate and iron, which can decrease the biodegradability and increase the toxicity of the wastewater.
A fruit processing wastewater was submitted to different advanced oxidation processes, namely, electro-Fenton (EF), electrochemical oxidation (EO), activated persulfate (PS), and combined EF/PS. The performance of the treatment processes, at different experimental conditions, regarding organic load removal, biodegradability increment, toxicity reduction, and specific energy consumption (Esp), was evaluated. At the experimental conditions studied, EO led to the treated solutions with the highest biodegradability increment, from 0.24 to 0.48, and toxicity reduction towards Daphnia magna, from 5.8 to 1.5 toxic units, without requiring the addition of chemicals. Nevertheless, the highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals were obtained for EF and combined EF/PS treatments. For the electrochemical processes, an increase in COD removal rate with applied current density (j) was observed. However, the increase in j substantially raised the Esp. In PS treatment, COD removals above 80% were only achieved for high amounts of added persulfate and iron, which led to less biodegradable and more toxic solutions. Combined EF/PS attained the lowest Esp values, mainly due to the conductivity increase originated by the persulfate and iron salts addition. Besides the disadvantage of the chemicals added, this combined treatment led to treated solutions with very acidic pH and significant iron content.
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