Sustainable and effective degradation of aniline by sodium percarbonate activated with UV in aqueous solution: Kinetics, mechanism and identification of reactive species

In recent decades, sodium percarbonate (SPC) has been widely applied as a solid replacement for H2O2 in advanced oxidation process (AOPs). In this study, ultraviolet (UV) light was utilized for SPC activation to investigate the aniline degradation performance. The effects of SPC dosages and UV irradiation on aniline degradation were elaborated. The removal efficiency was significantly improved by increasing either the SPC dosage or UV irradiation intensity. Moreover, scavenging experiments showed that center dot OH, CO3 center dot-, and O-2(center dot-) were the predominant reactive species for aniline degradation. Meanwhile, the variation in the amount of center dot OH in the UV/SPC system was monitored, which revealed the dominant role of center dot OH. As a result, the mechanism of aniline degradation by the UV/SPC system was demonstrated based on confirmed free radicals. Furthermore, aniline degradation by the UV/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/Na2CO3 system were compared with the UV/SPC system, and an enhancement by the addition of Fe(II) in the UV/SPC system was verified. Aniline degradation was not significantly affected by the initial pH or the presence of Cl-, SO42- while NO3-, HCO3- and humid acid (HA) suppressed the reaction. In general, the UV/SPC system is a novel, green, and promising technology for aniline removal from aqueous solutions.

Automated summary

Sodium percarbonate (SPC) has been widely used as a solid replacement for H2O2 in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). This study investigated the degradation performance of aniline using UV-activated SPC. The results showed that increasing SPC dosage or UV irradiation intensity significantly improved the removal efficiency. Reactive species such as ·OH, CO3·-, and O-2·- were found to play a predominant role in aniline degradation. The addition of Fe(II) in the UV/SPC system enhanced the degradation, while NO3-, HCO3-, and humid acid suppressed the reaction.