Journal
ENERGIES
Volume 15, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/en15113931
Keywords
cybersecurity; electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE); electric vehicle (EV); EV chargers; power system security
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) Securing Vehicle Charging Infrastructure project [34819]
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The global growth of electric vehicles has led to the installation of more electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), which has exposed vulnerabilities in these devices and their associated cloud services. These vulnerabilities could potentially allow attackers to gain control and cause disruptions ranging from localized to national scale. However, there are established cybersecurity best practices that can be applied to secure EVSE equipment.
Worldwide growth in electric vehicle use is prompting new installations of private and public electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). EVSE devices support the electrification of the transportation industry but also represent a linchpin for power systems and transportation infrastructures. Cybersecurity researchers have recently identified several vulnerabilities that exist in EVSE devices, communications to electric vehicles (EVs), and upstream services, such as EVSE vendor cloud services, third party systems, and grid operators. The potential impact of attacks on these systems stretches from localized, relatively minor effects to long-term national disruptions. Fortunately, there is a strong and expanding collection of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) cybersecurity best practices that may be applied to the EVSE environment to secure this equipment. In this paper, we survey publicly disclosed EVSE vulnerabilities, the impact of EV charger cyberattacks, and proposed security protections for EV charging technologies.
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