Impact of neoadjuvant therapy on postoperative complications in non-small-cell lung cancer patients subjected to anatomic lung resection

Objective: To study the impact of neoadjuvant therapies on postoperative complications and mortality among non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients subjected to anatomic lung resection and included in the Spanish cohort of the video-assisted thoracic surgery (GE-VATS) multicenter database. Methods: The study included a total of 3085 patients from 33 centers between December 2016 and March 2018. We performed a comparative analysis of the complications and mortality in patients who received neoadjuvant therapies (n = 263) versus those who did not (n = 2822). A propensity scorematched analysis was used to adjust for potential confounders. Association between exposure in two groups and outcomes were estimated by logistic regression weighted by inverse of probability of receiving the treatment that actually received. Results: In the unadjusted analysis, the chemotherapy (CT) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) group presented a higher frequency of ICU readmissions, reinterventions, empyema, cardiovascular complications, a greater frequency of atrial fibrillation, and an increased need for blood product transfusions. In the adjusted group, CT and CRT patients had a higher rate of cardiovascular complications (CT p = 0.002; OR 2.29; 95% CI 1.34e3.94 and CRT p = 0.001; OR 2.90; 95% CI 1.52-5-52), arrhythmias (CT p = 0.013; OR 2.23; 95% CI 1.18e4.20 and CRT p = 0.046; OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.01e4.90) and transfussions (CT p = 0.042; OR 2.95; 95% CI 1.04e8.35 and CRT p < 0.001; OR 7.74; 95% CI 3.01-19-92). Conclusions: Based on our series, neoadjuvant CT and CRT were associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular complications, arrhythmias and transfussions in patients with NSCLC subjected to anatomic lung resection. (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd, BASO similar to The Association for Cancer Surgery, and the European Society of Surgical Oncology. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy are associated with higher rates of cardiovascular complications, arrhythmias, and transfusions in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer undergoing anatomic lung resection.