Analysis of Membrane Proteins of Streptomycin-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates

Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a health security threat and resistance to second-line drugs limits the options for treatment. Consequently, there is an utmost need for identifying and characterizing new biomarkers/drug targets of prime importance. Membrane proteins have an anticipated role in biological processes and could qualify as biomarkers/drug targets. Streptomycin (SM) is recommended as a second-line treatment regimen only when amikacin resistance has been confirmed. As extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates are frequently cross-resistant to second-line injectable drugs, an untapped potential for the continued use of SM has been suggested. Objective The study aimed to analyze the membrane proteins overexpressed in SM resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using proteomics approaches. Methods Membrane proteins were extracted employing sonication and ultracentrifugation. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) of membrane proteins was performed and identification of proteins was done by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) and bioinformatics tools. Results On analyzing the two-dimensional (2D) gels, five protein spots were found overexpressed in the membrane of SM resistant isolates. Docking analysis revealed that SM might bind to the conserved domain of overexpressed proteins and Group-based prediction system-prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein (GPS-PUP) predicted potential pupylation sites within them. Conclusion These proteins might be of diagnostic importance for detecting the cases early and for exploring effective control strategies against drug-resistant tuberculosis, particularly SM.

Automated summary

This study aimed to analyze the overexpressed membrane proteins in streptomycin-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in order to explore their diagnostic importance for early detection and combating drug-resistant tuberculosis.