Patterning of brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells

The emerging technology of brain organoids deriving from human pluripotent stem cells provides unprecedented opportunities to study human brain development and associated disorders. Various brain organoid protocols have been developed that can recapitulate some key features of cell type diversity, cytoarchitectural organization, developmental processes, functions, and pathologies of the developing human brain. In this review, we focus on patterning of human stem cell-derived brain organoids. We start with an overview of general procedures to generate brain organoids. We then highlight some recently developed brain organoid protocols and chemical cues involved in modeling development of specific human brain regions, subregions, and multiple regions together. We also discuss limitations and potential future improvements of human brain organoid technology.

Automated summary

The technology of brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells allows the study of human brain development and disorders. This review focuses on the patterning of human stem cell-derived brain organoids, providing an overview of the procedures to generate them and highlighting recent protocols and chemical cues. Limitations and potential improvements of this technology are also discussed.