Workforce scheduling incorporating worker skills and ergonomic constraints

In the last few decades, studies have demonstrated the correlation between worker well-being and the perfor-mance of production systems. This paper addresses the problem of assigning workers to tasks in a workshop system. In this context, recent researches have focused on the ergonomics assessment, often neglecting the evaluation of the workers' performance. This study aims to formulate a mixed integer linear programming model to solve the workforce scheduling problem and improve the performance of the system integrating ergonomics and human skills. To overcome the complexity of the combinatorial problem, a constructive heuristic procedure is developed. Moreover, a novel approach is proposed to determine the workers' skills. Human performance is modelled in terms of the time required to perform consecutive tasks, considering different sequences of tasks. In addition, the model was applied to a real case study to verify its feasibility. Different scenarios are tested, considering different levels of exposure to different risk factors. The results indicate that a limited increase in the makespan enables decreasing the risk level and the achievement of an excellent workload balance among workers in terms of time spent in performing tasks. Moreover, the heuristic procedure has demonstrated to perform well on instances of realistic size, and it could be adapted to many manufacturing systems to solve the problem in real industrial contexts.

Automated summary

Studies have shown that there is a correlation between worker well-being and the performance of production systems. This paper proposes a mixed integer linear programming model to address the problem of assigning workers to tasks in a workshop system, with the aim of improving system performance. The model considers ergonomics and human skills, and uses workforce scheduling to reduce risk and achieve a balanced workload among workers. The model's feasibility is verified through a real case study, and a constructive heuristic procedure is found to perform well in solving the problem in real manufacturing systems.