Journal
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
Volume 28, Issue 11, Pages 1422-1428Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.05.022
Keywords
Inborn errors of immunity; Infectious diseases; Innate immune system; Molecular pathway; Pyogenic bacteria
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
This article summarizes the inborn errors of immunity that result in a high risk of severe pyogenic infections, including deficiencies in major components of the immune system and novel monogenic disorders leading to specific susceptibility to pyogenic infections.
Background: Pyogenic bacteria are associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations, ranging from common and relatively mild respiratory and cutaneous infections to life-threatening localized or sys-temic infections, such as sepsis and profound abscesses. Despite vaccination and the widespread use of effective antibiotic treatment, severe infection is still observed in a subset of affected patients.Objectives: We aim to summarize the available data regarding inborn errors of immunity that result in a high risk of severe pyogenic infections.Sources: Case series, as well as review and original articles on human genetic susceptibility to pyogenic infections were examined.Content: We review host-associated factors resulting in inborn errors of immunity and leading to a susceptibility to pyogenic infections, including deficiency in major components of the immune system (e.g., neutrophils, complement, immunoglobulin, and spleen function) and novel monogenic disorders resulting in specific susceptibility to pyogenic infection. Specifically, innate immune system deficiency involving toll-like receptors and associated signaling typically predispose to a narrow spectrum of bacterial diseases in otherwise healthy people, making a diagnosis more difficult to suspect and confirm. More complex syndromes, such as hyper IgE syndrome, are associated with a high risk of pyogenic in-fections due to an impairment of the interleukin-6 or-17 signaling, demonstrating the pivotal role of these pathways in controlling bacterial infections.Implications: In clinical practice, awareness of such conditions is essential, especially in the pediatric setting, to avoid a potentially fatal diagnostic delay, set the most proper and prompt treatment, and ensure prevention of severe complications. Francesca Conti, Clin Microbiol Infect 2022;28:1422 (c) 2022 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available