4.7 Article

The role of serum free light chain as biomarker of Myasthenia Gravis

Journal

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
Volume 528, Issue -, Pages 29-33

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.01.004

Keywords

Biomarker; Free light chains; Myasthenia gravis; kappa FLC

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This study evaluated the potential role of free light chains (FLC) as biomarkers for myasthenia gravis (MG) and found that increased FLC levels can serve as diagnostic biomarkers for MG.
Background and aim: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a B lymphocyte-mediated disease affecting neuromuscular transmission. The clinical course of MG is unpredictable due to the fluctuating nature and heterogeneity of the disease. Increased levels of free light chains (FLC), which reflect B cell activation, have been detected in different autoimmune disorders. In this study, we evaluated the potential role of FLC as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of MG. Materials and methods: 74 MG patients and 52 healthy individuals were included in the study. Serum FLC levels were measured by turbidimetric assay (Freelite, The Binding Site Group Ltd) on the Optilite Analyser System in both groups. In MG patients, anti-AChR and anti-MuSK autoantibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: MG patients displayed significantly higher serum kappa and total FLC levels than controls, respectively for kappa FLC 16.0 vs 13.8 mg/L and for total FLC 29.8 vs 25.9 mg/L. Moreover, increased kappa FLC levels were observed in seropositive MG patients. No association was observed between serum FLC levels and clinical manifestations of disease as well as with severity, age at MG onset, thymoma and treatment. Conclusion: Increased levels of kappa FLC and total FLC could serve as biomarkers to support the diagnosis of MG.

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