Journal
CHEMSUSCHEM
Volume 15, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200539
Keywords
electrolytes; energy storage; high voltage window; hydrogen bonds; supercapacitors
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21975109, 52075224]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20201423]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M651718]
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This study investigates the effect of weak interaction between electrolyte species on the voltage window and low-temperature capacitive performance of supercapacitors. The results show that strong H-bond interaction expands the voltage window but deteriorates rate performance, while weak H-bond improves low-temperature performance. Supercapacitors with optimized electrolytes exhibit high voltage and good low-temperature performance.
Liquid electrolyte determines the voltage window and extreme working temperature of supercapacitors. However, the effect of weak interaction between electrolyte species on voltage window and low-temperature capacitive performance is unclear. Herein, an electrolyte model system with increasing H-bond interaction was constructed to clarify this concern. The results indicated that strong H-bond interaction was positively correlated with the number of hydroxyls, which was beneficial to expand voltage window, but deteriorated rate performance; weak H-bond improved low-temperature performance. Supercapacitors with an optimized electrolyte presented high voltage and good low-temperature performance; even at -40 degrees C, the maximum energy density could be maintained at 7.0 Wh kg(-1) (>80 % retention relative to at -20 degrees C). This study revealed the mechanism of the influence of the H-bonds on electrolyte voltage window and anti-freezing capability and provided a new insight for the design of electrolytes with both high working voltage and low-temperature performance.
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