A review on removal strategies of microorganisms from water environment using nanomaterials and their behavioural characteristics

Significant findings for microbial removal have led to expertise on several kinds of nanomaterials that made new paths for removing various biological contaminants in a variety of water resources in recent years. Furthermore, advancements in multifunctional nanocomposites synthesis pave the enhanced possibility for their use in water treatment system design. The adsorption towards microbial elimination has been reviewed and compared in this review article using four common kinds of nanomaterials: carbon materials, metal oxides, metal/metal oxides, polymeric metal oxide nanocomposites and their most important mechanistic behavior also discussed. We also describe and analyze recent findings on the effects of engineered nanomaterials on microbial communities in natural and artificial environments. Understanding the removal mechanistic strategy is crucial to improving the nanoparticles (NPs) efficiency and increasing their applicability against a variety of bacteria in various envi-ronmental conditions. Also, our study focused on their behavioral effects on microbial structure and functionality towards the removal. Future research opportunities connected to the use of nanomaterials in microbial control and inactivation with societal and health implications are also discussed. We also highlight a number of inter-esting research subjects that might be of futuristic interest to the scientific community.

Automated summary

Significant advancements have been made in the removal of microbial contaminants from water resources using various nanomaterials. This review article discusses the adsorption capabilities of carbon materials, metal oxides, metal/metal oxides, and polymeric metal oxide nanocomposites for the elimination of microbes. The article also analyzes the effects of engineered nanomaterials on microbial communities and highlights future research opportunities in microbial control. Understanding the mechanistic strategies of nanoparticle removal is crucial for improving efficiency and applicability in different environmental conditions.