Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 293, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133509
Keywords
PAHs; Petrochemical landfill; Soil; Microbial community; Degradation-related genes; KEGG
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1800900, 2019YFC1805504]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41831283]
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This study investigated the microbial community structures, potential functions, and PAH degradation-related genes in PAH-polluted soils at a petrochemical landfill in Beijing, China. The results revealed that PAHs could have adverse effects on soil ecosystems and impact the microbial community structures, while microorganisms would adapt by changing their physiological functions to resist pollutant stress.
Investigations of the microbial community structures, potential functions and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation-related genes in PAH-polluted soils are useful for risk assessments, microbial monitoring, and the potential bioremediation of soils polluted by PAHs. In this study, five soil sampling sites were selected at a petrochemical landfill in Beijing, China, to analyze the contamination characteristics of PAHs and their impact on microorganisms. The concentrations of 16 PAHs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total concentrations of the PAHs ranged from ND to 3166.52 mu g/kg, while phenanthrene, pyrene, fluoranthene and benzo [ghi]perylene were the main components in the soil samples. According to the specific PAH ratios, the PAHs mostly originated from petrochemical wastes in the landfill. The levels of the total toxic benzo [a]pyrene equivalent (1.63-107.73 mu g/kg) suggested that PAHs might result in adverse effects on soil ecosystems. The metagenomic analysis showed that the most abundant phyla in the soils were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and Solirubrobacter was the most important genus. At the genus level, Bradyrhizobium, Mycobacterium and Anaeromyxobacter significantly increased under PAH stress. Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotations, the most abundant category of functions that are involved in adapting to contaminant pressures was identified. Ten PAH degradation-related genes were significantly influenced by PAH pressure and showed correlations with PAH concentrations. All of the results suggested that the PAHs from the petrochemical landfill could be harmful to soil environments and impact the soil microbial community structures, while microorganisms would change their physiological functions to resist pollutant stress.
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