Journal
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
Volume 156, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.106760
Keywords
Alkali-activated cement; Carbonation; Granulated blast-furnace slag; Spectroscopy
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy [DOE-SC0011960]
- LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-811939]
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The combination of alkali-activation and mechanochemical milling in a CO2 rich atmosphere for synthesizing cementitious materials shows promise in upcycling hazardous materials and capturing CO2. Structural transformations during synthesis and hydration were studied using solid-state Al-27, Si-29, and C-13 NMR techniques.
Alternative cements and production routes are necessary to offset the considerable global CO2 emissions of Portland cement production. The combination of alkali-activation and mechanochemical milling in a CO2 rich atmosphere is a promising green direction for synthesizing cementitious material as it upcycles hazardous material (slag) while capturing wt% of CO2 during synthesis. We investigate the resulting structural transformations incurred during synthesis and hydration using a suite of characterization techniques including solid-state Al-27, Si-29, and C-13 NMR. The local aluminosilicate network structure of the processed clinker is best described by a melilite-type structure. Upon hydration, the network polymerizes to form a calcium, sodium aluminosilicate hydrate gel. The synthesis route also creates various metastable carbonates and bicarbonates from captured CO2 and alkali-additives that transform into stable carbonate phases like calcite, aragonite, and gaylussite, after hydration. This indicates accelerated carbonation reactions occur during clinker production and demonstrates novelty as a green cement technology.
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