4.7 Article

Material-process interactions in particle bed 3D printing and the underlying physics

Journal

CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
Volume 156, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.106748

Keywords

3D printing; Additive manufacturing; Selective binding; Particle bed binding; Selective cement activation; Selective paste intrusion

Funding

  1. German Research Foundation (DFG) [389705984, 414265976, A01]
  2. European funding for the regions in Lower Saxony (EFRE) /NBank [85023242]
  3. ZukunftBau [SWD-10.08.18.7-21.19]

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This paper focuses on the material-process interactions in particle bed binding. After classifying different particle bed binding techniques, the important material-process interactions and their underlying physics are discussed for selective cement activation and selective paste intrusion technique. By controlling the material and process parameters in sub-processes, the printing process and resulting material properties of printed components can be specifically controlled.
This paper focuses on material-process interactions in particle bed binding. After a classification of particle bed binding techniques currently available for cement-based materials, the most important material-process interactions and their underlying physics are discussed in detail for the selective cement activation (SCA) and the selective paste intrusion technique (SPI). Here, we consider the sub-processes layer application, layer compaction, fluid application, fluid penetration and after printing treatment. We show that, by varying the material and process parameters in these sub-processes, the printing process and the resulting material properties of the printed component, such as compressive strength, durability and dimensional accuracy, can be specifically controlled. Furthermore, we illustrate how these sub-processes can be both understood and described on the basis of the underlying mechanisms and physically based material models.

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