Journal
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
Volume 96, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110355
Keywords
Vitamin D; Muscle; Vitamin D receptor; Muscle atrophy; Sarcopenia; Ageing; Metabolism
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Funding
- Medical Research Council [MR/J500495/1]
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Muscle atrophy and sarcopenia can impact an individual's health, and vitamin D deficiency may worsen this effect. The mechanisms linking vitamin D and sarcopenia are not fully understood, but research has shown the importance of vitamin D in skeletal muscle functioning.
Muscle atrophy and sarcopenia (the term given to the age-related decline in muscle mass and function), influence an individuals risk of falls, frailty, functional decline, and, ultimately, impaired quality of life. Vitamin D deficiency (low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D-3)) has been reported to impair muscle strength and increase risk of sarcopenia. The mechanisms that underpin the link between low 25(OH)D-3 and sarcopenia are yet to be fully understood but several lines of evidence have highlighted the importance of both genomic and non-genomic effects of active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D-3)) and its nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR), in skeletal muscle functioning. Studies in vitro have demonstrated a key role for the vitamin D/ VDR axis in regulating biological processes central to sarcopenic muscle atrophy, such as proteolysis, mitochondrial function, cellular senescence, and adiposity. The aim of this review is to provide a mechanistic overview of the proposed mechanisms for the vitamin D/VDR axis in sarcopenic muscle atrophy.
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