Intimal Hyperplasia of Arteriovenous Fistula

Intimal hyperplasia (IH), a crucial histopathological injury, forms the basis of vascular stenosis and thrombogenesis. In addition, it is common in maladies such as stenosis at the anastomosis of arteriovenous fistula and restenosis after angioplasty. Various cellular and noncellular components play critical parts in the advancement of IH. This article reviews the distinctive components of IH, such as endothelial dysfunction, multiplication, and movement of vascular smooth muscle cells. Finally, in addition to synthesis of large amounts of extracellular matrix and inflammatory responses, which have frequently been studied in recent years, we offer a premise for clinical treatment with vascular smooth muscle cells.

Automated summary

Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is a crucial histopathological injury that forms the basis of vascular stenosis and thrombogenesis. It is common in maladies such as stenosis at the anastomosis of arteriovenous fistula and restenosis after angioplasty. Various components, including endothelial dysfunction, multiplication, and movement of vascular smooth muscle cells, play critical parts in the advancement of IH. Vascular smooth muscle cells may offer a premise for clinical treatment, along with the synthesis of extracellular matrix and inflammatory responses.