Stem signatures associating SOX2 antibody helps to define diagnosis and prognosis prediction with esophageal cancer

Background esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. Due to the ineffectual screening methods referring to early diagnosis, most people have lost their chance of radical resection when diagnosed with esophageal cancer. This aim of this study was designed to evaluate the latent values of the stem signatures-associated autoantibodies (AABS) in predicting the early diagnosis, and particularly seeking the precise predictive outcomes with sensitive SOX2. We also studied the potential immunotherapeutic targets and prospective long-term prognosis predicators of esophageal cancer. Methods The serum concentrations of selective antibodies were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a total of 203 local cases were enrolled. The TCGA databases were used to analyse distinct expression patterns and prognostic values of related genes. The TIMER database was used to explore the signatures of immune cell infiltration in related genes. The TISIDB database was used to analyse the association between related genes and immune regulators. Results The stem signatures-associated with antibodies of TP53, PGP9.5, SOX2, and CAGE were highly expressed in esophageal cancer and were negatively correlated with the test group, the diagnostic sensitivity of P53, SOX2, PGP9.5 and CAGE reached to 54.3%, 56.5%, 80.4% and 47.8%, respectively, and the specificity reached 77.7%, 93.6%, 76.4% and 86.6%. Especially in stage I esophageal cancer, the diagnostic sensitivity of SOX2 reached 82.4% with a specificity of 85.4%, which demonstrated good value in early diagnosis. Conclusions The stem signatures-associated antibodies could be used as an effective indicator in early esophageal cancer diagnosis and could help to precisely predicate survival and prognosis. Key Messages The stem signatures-associated immune-antibodies could be used as effective indicators in early diagnosis of esophageal cancer and help to precisely predicate the survival and prognosis. The potential immunotherapeutic targets referring to esophageal cancer are screened and analysed, and the high sensitivity of SOX2 in detecting early esophageal cancer will yield early and effective treatments.

Automated summary

The study found that stem signatures-associated autoantibodies can be used as effective indicators for early diagnosis of esophageal cancer and help predict survival and prognosis accurately.