One-pot fabrication of poly (ionic liquid)s functionalized magnetic adsorbent for efficient enrichment of phenylurea herbicides in environmental waters

Efficient capture is an essential procedure in the highly sensitive monitoring of phenylurea herbicides (PUHs) in various environmental waters. Herein, a new poly (ionic liquid)s functionalized magnetic adsorbent (PFMA) was conveniently fabricated by means of one-pot strategy. The preparation procedure was quite simple by mixing 1-allyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis[(trifluoromethy)sulfonyl]imide, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, Fe3 thorn , Fe2 thorn , mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide/H2O and azobisisobutyronitrile in one pot, and the total reaction time was just 3.0 h which was far shorter than that needed in previous approaches. A series of characterized techniques were employed to observe and inspect the morphology, structure and magnetic properties of prepared PFMA. Results revealed that the adsorbent contained abundant functional groups and superior magnetic property. Combing with magnetic solidphase extraction (MSPE) format, the resultant PFMA displayed high capture capability towards studied PUHs through multiple interactions, and the enrichment factors were in the range of 126-227. Under the selected extraction parameters, the introduced PFMA/MSPE was combined with HPLC equipped with diode array detector (HPLC/DAD) to measure investigated PUHs at trace levels in various environmental waters. Wide linear range (0.010-200 mg/L), low limit of detection (0.0025-0.015 mg/L) and good precision (RSDs<10%) were achieved. The reliability and practicality of established approach was demonstrated by quantifying trace studied PUHs in various waters. Satisfactory fortified recoveries (80.2-119%) and repeatability were achieved. The results well evidence that the prepared PFMA is a good alternative for capture PUHs, and the introduced approach has wide prospect in the analyzing trace levels of PUHs in water and other complex samples.

Automated summary

This article introduces the convenient preparation of a functionalized magnetic adsorbent PFMA, which is used in combination with magnetic solid-phase extraction to efficiently capture phenylurea herbicides. Results show that PFMA has abundant functional groups and excellent magnetic properties, achieving trace level determination of PUHs in HPLC analysis.