Henle Fiber Layer Hemorrhage in Macular Telangiectasia Type 2: Is Right Eye Dominance Coincidence or Consequence

center dot PURPOSE: To summarize all reported cases of Henle fiber layer (HFL) hemorrhage in the absence of subretinal neovascularization (SRNV) in patients with macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel2) and to propose a mechanism for the right-sided predominance of this unique presentation.center dot DESIGN: Perspective.center dot METHODS: Collection, review, and analysis of all cases in the literature and in the authors' databases of HFL hemorrhage in MacTel2, including analysis of baseline and follow-up multimodal retinal imaging findings of selected cases. Elucidation of the complex interplay of systemic venous pressure with the deep retinal capillary plexus and hypothesis regarding the right-sided predilection of HFL hemorrhage complicating MacTel2.center dot RESULTS: Ten patients presented with a unilateral, characteristic radial macular hemorrhage within the HFL that affected only the right eye in all cases. Absence of SRNV was confirmed by fluorescein angiography and/or optical coherence tomography angiography. The hemorrhage resolved spontaneously in at least 7 of the 10 eyes. The HFL hemorrhage may plausibly be explained by dys function of the deep capillary plexus in MacTel2 combined with an acute rise in central venous pressure, for which the right side may be at increased risk.center dot CONCLUSIONS: HFL hemorrhage can complicate MacTel2 in the absence of SRNV, and the radial pattern of blood affecting only the right eye is remarkable. The right eye predominance may be multifactorial in etiology. Related factors may include the right-sided predilection of MacTel2 and/or increased right-sided dural sinus drainage related to normal anatomical variation. (Am J Ophthalmol 2022;241: 80-86.(c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Automated summary

This study summarizes all reported cases of Henle fiber layer (HFL) hemorrhage in patients with macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel2) in the absence of subretinal neovascularization (SRNV), and proposes a mechanism for the right-sided predominance of this unique presentation.