Diagnosis and Management of Vertebral Compression Fracture

Vertebral compression fractures are the most common complication of osteoporosis, with 700,000 cases reported every year in the United States. Vertebral compression fractures typically present with abruptonset low back pain with or without a history of trauma, although more than two-thirds are detected incidentally. Diagnosis is confirmed using plain radiographs, while computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may be required to evaluate for a malignant cause or if there are neurological deficits on examination. Magnetic resonance imaging is also the modality of choice to determine if the fracture is acute vs chronic in nature. Patients can be managed with a combination of nonsurgical modalities including medications, bracing, and physical therapy, although when indicated, kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty may be considered to provide symptom relief.

Automated summary

Vertebral compression fractures are a common complication of osteoporosis, presenting with low back pain. Diagnosis is made using X-rays, CT, and MRI. Treatment options include medications, bracing, physical therapy, and surgical interventions if necessary.