Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 5487-5495Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09668
Keywords
electrospinning; ceramic nanofibrous aerogels; nanofibrous-granular composite aerogels; mechanical robustness; temperature-invariant superelasticity; thermal superinsulation
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21961132024, 51925302, 51873029]
- Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [21130750100]
- Funda-mental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2232020A-06, CUSF-DH-D-2019036]
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In this study, ceramic nanofibrous-granular composite aerogels with a cellular structure and leaf-like fibrous-granular binary networks were designed and fabricated. These composite aerogels possess ultralow weight, superelasticity, and large mechanical strength. They also exhibit excellent fatigue resistance and high-temperature thermal superinsulation properties.
High-performance thermally insulating ceramic materials with robust mechanical properties, high-temperature resistance, and excellent thermal insulation characteristics are highly desirable for thermal management systems under extreme conditions. However, the large-scale application of traditional ceramic granular aerogels is still limited by their brittleness and stiff nature, while ceramic fibrous aerogels often display high thermal conductivity. To meet the above requirements, in this study, ceramic nanofibrous-granular composite aerogels with lamellar multiarch cellular structure and leaf-like fibrous-granular binary networks are designed and fabricated. The resulting composite aerogels possess ultralow weight, superelasticity with recoverable compression strain up to 80%, and large mechanical strength. Furthermore, excellent fatigue resistance with 1.2% plastic deformation after 1000 cyclic compressions, temperature-invariant dynamic mechanical stability from -100 to 500 degrees C, and an operational temperature range from -196 to 1100 degrees C are successfully achieved in the proposed composites. The nanosized silica granular aerogels are assembled into a leaf-like shape and wrapped around the fibrous cell walls, endowing low thermal conductivity (0.024 W m(-1) K-1) as well as favorable high-temperature thermal superinsulation properties. Benefiting from the favorable compatibility, the present strategy for nanofiber-granular composite ceramic aerogels provides a dominant route to produce thermally insulated and mechanically robust composite cellular materials for use in harsh environments.
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