Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages 13361-13368Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00443
Keywords
3D printing; piezoelectricity; energy harvesting; poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF); BaTi2O5 nanorods
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51933007, 51673123]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFE0111500, 2020SCUNG203]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
In this study, fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing was introduced for the flexible construction of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based 3D piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) by incorporating 1D BaTi2O5 (BT2) nanorods as fillers. The shearing force generated by FDM successfully realized the uniform orientation of BT2 nanorods in the PVDF matrix. By coupling 3D printing with the piezoelectric anisotropy of BT2 nanorods, the 3D PEH can generate different piezoelectric responses to the same applied external force from different directions. An optimized conical array structure was also constructed to amplify the deformation of the PEH and enhance its piezoelectric output. This research demonstrates the potential of 3D printing as a multifunctional strategy for fabricating 3D PEHs with 1-3-type piezoelectric composite materials for self-powering microelectronic applications.
Piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) with a three-dimensional (3D) structure are arousing increasing interest because of the ability to efficiently convert mechanical energy into electricity catering for self-powered systems. Among them, 3D PEHs composed of 1-3-type piezoelectric composites which exploit one-dimensional (1D) piezoceramic fillers rather than conventional powders are particularly attractive. However, an issue involving the orientation of the 1D fillers to utilize the piezoelectric effect renders the 3D structural design for high-efficiency energy conversion more challenging. Herein, for the first time, we introduce the fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing to the flexible construction of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based 3D PEHs by incorporating 1D BaTi2O5 (BT2) nanorods as piezoelectric fillers. The shearing force generated by FDM successfully realizes the in situ uniform orientation of BT2 nanorods in the PVDF (98% beta crystals) matrix along the nozzle extrusion direction. Besides, by coupling 3D printing with the appealing piezoelectric anisotropy feature of BT2 nanorods, the 3D PEH is able to generate different piezoelectric responses to the same applied external force from X, Y, and Z directions. Furthermore, an optimized 3D conical array structure is constructed to amplify the effective deformation of the PEH to enhance its piezoelectric output. As expected, customized PEH can continuously power commercial electronic devices and monitor various human motions, indicating 3D printing as a multifunctional strategy to fabricate 3D PEHs with 1-3-type piezoelectric composite materials for self-powering microelectronic applications.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available