Newtonian and non-Newtonian nanofluids with entropy generation in conjugate natural convection of hybrid nanofluid-porous enclosures: A review

The current study summarizes previous studies carried out on heat convection, fluid flow, and entropy generation of porous enclosures filled with hybrid/nanofluid. Newtonian and non-Newtonian base fluids and the magnetohydrodynamics effects are considered. Natural convective heat transmission is one of the most common types of heat transfer due to its wide engineering applications like solar collectors, electronic equipment, cooling systems, nuclear reactors, and geothermal engineering. By offering a large surface area per unit volume and the disorderly movement of fluids passing through the relevant pores, in several applications, a porous media can increase convective heat transmission. Moreover, the problem related to the low thermal conductivity of conventional fluids can be addressed by introducing nanoparticles known as nanofluids. To increase the performance of thermal equipment, combining nanofluids with porous materials can be very advantageous. The impact of different governing parameters and the numerical methods used to solve the differential equations are also summarized.

Automated summary

This study summarizes previous research on heat convection, fluid flow, and entropy generation in porous enclosures filled with hybrid/nanofluids. It considers Newtonian and non-Newtonian base fluids as well as the effects of magnetohydrodynamics, while also discussing the benefits of combining nanofluids with porous materials to enhance thermal equipment performance. The impact of various governing parameters and numerical methods used to solve differential equations is also outlined.