Asikli Hoyuk: The Generative Evolution of a Central Anatolian PPN Settlement in Regional Context

The first Neolithic settlements in Southwest Asia began with a dual commitment to plant cultivation and a sedentary lifestyle. The benefits that foragers-turned-farmers gained from this commitment came with some inescapable constraints, setting new evolutionary pathways for human social and economic activities. We explore the developmental process at the early Pre-Pottery Neolithic site of Asikli Hoyuk in central Anatolia (Turkey), specifically the relationship between internal dynamics and external influences in early village formation. Feedback mechanisms inherent to the community were responsible for many of the unique developments there, including domestication of a variant of free-threshing wheat and the early evolution of caprine management, which gave rise to domesticated stock. Gradual change was the rule at Asikli, yet the cumulative transformations in architecture, settlement layout, and caprine management were great. The many strands of evidence reveal a largely local (endemic) evolution of an early Pre-Pottery Neolithic community. However, burgeoning inequalities stemming from production surplus such as livestock likely stimulated greater regional interaction toward the end of the sequence.

Automated summary

The first Neolithic settlements in Southwest Asia began with a dual commitment to plant cultivation and a sedentary lifestyle. The benefits gained from this commitment came with inescapable constraints, setting new evolutionary pathways for human social and economic activities. Internal dynamics and external influences at the early Pre-Pottery Neolithic site of Asikli Hoyuk in central Anatolia led to unique developments, including domestication of wheat and caprine management, with gradual changes and cumulative transformations in architecture and settlement layout. The evidence suggests a largely local evolution of an early Pre-Pottery Neolithic community, but burgeoning inequalities likely stimulated greater regional interaction toward the end of the sequence.