Who incurs a cost for their group and when? The effects of dispositional and situational factors regarding equality in the volunteer's dilemma

The volunteer's dilemma (VoD) is a group situation in which one member needs to incur a volunteering cost to provide public goods to the group. Considering that efficiency conflicts with equality in the VoD, we investigated how dispositional and situational variables regarding equality affect volunteering behavior in the VoD (specifically, in repeated VoD). We conducted an online VoD game comprising a new lever-pulling paradigm, and participants were grouped with two other participants to play the game iteratively. The results showed the effects of the dispositional factor (i.e., justice sensitivity; JS); those sensitive to suffering from inequality (i.e., those high in JS-Victim) were unlikely to volunteer, whereas those sensitive to benefiting from inequality (i.e., those high in JS-Beneficiary) were likely to volunteer. We also found the effect of the situational factor (i.e., previous relative volunteering rate); those who had volunteered more than others became less inclined to volunteer, and vice versa. This research shows that both dispositional and situational factors regarding equality play a crucial role in repeated VoD, while posing future questions and directions to understand their interaction effects.

Automated summary

The volunteer's dilemma (VoD) is a group situation where equality-related dispositional and situational factors affect volunteering behavior. Individuals sensitive to suffering from inequality are less likely to volunteer, while those sensitive to benefiting from inequality are more likely to volunteer. Additionally, the previous volunteering rate also influences volunteering behavior.