Bioactive fluorescent hybrid microparticles as a stand-alone osteogenic differentiation inducer

Osteogenic differentiation of stem cells is one of the essential steps in bone regeneration. While supplementing exogenous factors using differentiation media is the established method to differentiate stem cells into osteoblasts on biomaterials, designing biomaterials that can act as a stand-alone differentiation inducer and promote bone regeneration is preferred for clinical translation. In this work, we report dexamethasone-loaded organic-inorganic hybrid microparticles synthesized from an intrinsically fluorescent poly (ester amide) and tertiary bioactive glass (PEA-BG) as a stand-alone osteogenic differentiation inducer. The mechanical properties data indicated that the compressive modulus of fluorescent hybrid microparticles could be modulated by its composition. The hybrid fluorescent microparticles supported the adhesion and proliferation of 10T1/2 cells in culture for up to seven days. Both pristine and dexamethasone-loaded PEA-BG microparticles were able to induce osteogenic differentiation of 10T1/2 cells in the absence of any media supplement, to a level even higher than standard osteogenic media, as evidenced by the expression of osteogenic markers on gene and protein levels and matrix mineralization. Taken together, the fluorescent PEA-BG hybrid microparticles have the potential to be used as a standalone biomaterial for osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration.

Automated summary

This study introduced dexamethasone-loaded organic-inorganic hybrid microparticles as a standalone osteogenic differentiation inducer. The microparticles supported cell adhesion and proliferation in culture, and induced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells without the need for any additional differentiation media supplements. Therefore, the fluorescent PEA-BG hybrid microparticles show promise as a standalone biomaterial for bone regeneration.