Journal
ADVANCED COMPOSITES AND HYBRID MATERIALS
Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 322-334Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1007/s42114-021-00381-3
Keywords
Fluorinated benzoxazines; Thermal stability; Hydrophobicity coating
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51773185, U1810118, 51503187]
- Key Research and Development Plan of Shanxi Province [201803D421088, 201901D111006]
- Program for the Innovative Talents of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxi
- North University of China Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [JQ201903]
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The influence of different positions of fluorine atoms on the curing mechanism, thermal stability, and surface properties of fluorinated benzoxazines was studied. The curing peak temperature of fluorine-substituted benzoxazines showed a specific order, and thermal stability and hydrophobicity also exhibited distinct trends. Moreover, coatings based on fluorinated polybenzoxazines displayed excellent mechanical and anti-corrosion properties, providing new options for coatings and composites with a deep understanding of their structure-performance relationship.
The development of materials with high thermal stability and good hydrophobicity is important in the field of coatings. Fluorinated benzoxazines are good choices for coating applications; however, fundamental discussion among structure, curing mechanism, and properties is still scarce. Thus, a series of new fluorinated benzoxazines, including totally new meta-fluoroaniline-, ortho-fluoroaniline-, and para-fluoroaniline-based benzoxazine, is successfully synthesized. The effect of different substituted positions of fluorine atoms on the curing mechanism, thermal stability, and surface properties of polybenzoxazines is discussed in detail based on experimental and theory analysis. The structural and geometrical parameters were investigated by NMR (H-1, F-19) and FTIR spectroscopy. The curing peak temperature of fluorine-substituted benzoxazines was found to be in order of meta-fluoroaniline benzoxazine (m-Bf, 235.9 degrees C) < para-fluoroaniline benzoxazine (p-Bf, 244.4 degrees C) < ortho-fluoroaniline benzoxazine (o-Bf, 262.7 degrees C). Furthermore, the density functional theory (DFT) was used for quantitative analysis to determine the effect of fluorine atom position on the curing mechanism of benzoxazine for the first time. Moreover, the thermal stability (at 10% weight loss temperature) for different cured polybenzoxazines was found to be in the order of m-Bf (323.4 degrees C) < o-Bf (289.1 degrees C) < p-Bf (255.5 degrees C), and the hydrophobicity was in the order of m-Bf (121.4 degrees) < o-Bf (119.3 degrees) < p-Bf (106.3 degrees). Meanwhile, the coatings based on fluorinated polybenzoxazines also have shown excellent mechanical and anti-corrosion properties. In this paper, not only new benzoxazines that can be used as coatings and composites are provided, but a deep understanding of the relationship among structure, curing mechanism, and performance of fluorinated benzoxazines is got.
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