4.7 Article

Hollow Pt Nanocage@Mesoporous SiO2 Nanoreactors as a Nanozyme for Colorimetric Immunoassays of Viral Diagnosis

Journal

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 1553-1561

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c04221

Keywords

platinum; hollow nanostructures; nanozyme; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; virus diagnosis

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [22072032]
  2. National Key Basic Research Program of China [2016YFA0200903]
  3. Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB36000000]
  4. Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China [ZR2020MB068]
  5. Qingchuang Science and Technology Plan of Shandong Universities [2020KJA010, 2019KJN001]

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A nanoreactor with a hollow Pt nanocage-encapsulated mesoporous SiO2 shell was fabricated using a facile and general strategy. This structure exhibited highly dispersed catalytic Pt nanoparticles inside the cavity enclosed by the SiO2 shell, providing a framework for efficient catalysis. The nanoreactors demonstrated high sensitivity and detection performance when used as biosensors for specific antibodies.
A facile and general strategy has been employed to fabricate a nanoreactor consisting of a hollow Pt nanocage-encapsulated mesoporous SiO2 shell. The hollow composite, which contained highly dispersed catalytic Pt nanoparticles inside the cavity enclosed by the mesoporous SiO2 shell, was considered an ideal framework structure for a nanoreactor that efficiently catalyzes substrate molecules with enhanced activity. The designed SiO2 shell can not only maintain active Pt nanoparticle resistance to harsh environments but also isolate the molecular recognition sites from the surface of Pt nanoparticles, thus retaining their catalytic activity. In addition, the certain space confinement effect aroused by the hollow structure led to a higher catalytic activity. Based on their catalytic activity, these nanoreactors have been demonstrated to function as biosensors for highly sensitive detection of measles-specific IgM antibodies in capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The detection limit of the prepared biosensor was as low as 1 ng/mL, 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of the conventional immunoassay. The specific catalytic properties of this nanoreactor could have great potential applications that include catalysis, biological labeling, and bioassays.

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