Journal
PHARMACEUTICALS
Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ph14111144
Keywords
xanthone; cancer; in vitro; in vivo; isolation; synthesis; heterocyclic compound
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Funding
- KEMENDIKBUD-RISTEK The Republic of Indonesia [4492/UN1/DITLIT/DIT-LIT/PT/2021]
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Xanthone, a heterocyclic compound with unique structure, has shown anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines.
The annual number of cancer deaths continues increasing every day; thus, it is urgent to search for and find active, selective, and efficient anticancer drugs as soon as possible. Among the available anticancer drugs, almost all of them contain heterocyclic moiety in their chemical structure. Xanthone is a heterocyclic compound with a dibenzo-gamma-pyrone framework and well-known to have privileged structures for anticancer activities against several cancer cell lines. The wide anticancer activity of xanthones is produced by caspase activation, RNA binding, DNA cross-linking, as well as P-gp, kinase, aromatase, and topoisomerase inhibition. This anticancer activity depends on the type, number, and position of the attached functional groups in the xanthone skeleton. This review discusses the recent advances in the anticancer activity of xanthone derivatives, both from natural products isolation and synthesis methods, as the anticancer agent through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical assays.
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