4.7 Article

Identification of Scd5 as a functional regulator of visceral fat deposition and distribution

Journal

ISCIENCE
Volume 25, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103916

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [81771632, 81271509, 81402582, 82172884]
  2. Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai [21ZR1410100, 18ZR1404500]
  3. National Key Research and Development Program of China [2020YFA0803202]

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The gene Scd5 has been identified as a master regulator of fat distribution, affecting the deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Dietary supplementation of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega 3-PUFA) can decrease VAT accumulation. This research provides insight into the regulation of fat distribution and potential interventions to reduce VAT deposition.
Ectopic deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in abdomen is usually accompanied with systematic chaos of energy metabolism, a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. Here, we identified a previously unexplored gene Scd5 as a master regulator of fat distribution, which alone Ways a significant role in determining the VAT accumulation. Firstly, zebrafish scd5 had the highest homology with human SCD5 compared to other SCDs in mouse and rat. We then observed that scd5-homozygous mutant zebrafish displayed a puffy, short and rounded apple-shaped figure. Whole-mount micro-CT scan showed that excessive VAT deposition and short spine are responsible for the abnormal body ratio. And the supplementation of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega 3-PUFA) in dietary signific ritly decreased VAT accumulation in scd5(-/)(-) zebrafish. Lastly, transcriptional analyses revealed that the Wnt, PPAR, C/EBP, and fat synthesis signaling pathways are significantly affected in the VAT of scd5(-/-) mutant and restored by omega 3-PUFA.

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