Journal
BLOOD ADVANCES
Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 1193-1206Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005585
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Funding
- Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [PI16/01027, PI19/1476, PI20/01621]
- Health Research and Innovation Strategic Plan (PERIS) [SLT002/16/00433]
- Generalitat de Catalunya [SGR 1395, SGR 1655]
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona
- Fundacion Espanola de Hematologia y Hemoterapia
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The 2017 European LeukemiaNet guidelines for acute myeloid leukemia have been validated in a large cohort of patients and identified a genetic subset with a very poor prognosis.
The 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN 2017) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have become fundamental guidelines to assess the prognosis and postremission therapy of patients. However, they have been retrospectively validated in few studies with patients included in different treatment protocols. We analyzed 861 patients included in the Cooperativo Para el Estudio y Tratamiento de las Leucemias Agudas y Mielodisplasias-12 risk-adapted protocol, which indicates cytarabine-based consolidation for patients allocated to the ELN 2017 favorable-risk group, whereas it recommends allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) as a postremission strategy for the ELN 2017 intermediateand adverse-risk groups. We retrospectively classified patients according to the ELN 2017, with 327 (48%), 109 (16%), and 245 (36%) patients allocated to the favorable-, intermediate-, and adverse-risk group, respectively. The 2- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 77% and 70% for favorable-risk patients, 52% and 46% for intermediate-risk patients, and 33% and 23% for adverse-risk patients, respectively. Furthermore, we identified a subgroup of patients within the adverse group (inv(3)/t(3;3), complex karyotype, and/or TP53 mutation/17p abnormality) with a particularly poor outcome, with a 2-year OS of 15%. Our study validates the ELN 2017 risk stratification in a large cohort of patients treated with an ELN-2017 risk-adapted protocol based on alloSCT after remission for nonfavorable ELN subgroups and identifies a genetic subset with a very poor outcome that warrants investigation of novel strategies.
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